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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
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Removing grain boundaries from three-dimensional colloidal crystals using active dopants.

B van der Meer1, M Dijkstra, L Filion

  • 1Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands. B.vanderMeer@uu.nl L.C.Filion@uu.nl.

Soft Matter
|June 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Active colloids can eliminate grain boundaries in colloidal crystals by gathering at boundaries, inducing melting and recrystallization. This process forms large single crystals, but only when self-propulsion is sufficient for phase separation.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Grain boundaries in colloidal crystals impede material properties.
  • Controlling crystal growth and defect elimination is crucial for applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the removal of grain boundaries in 3D colloidal crystals.
  • To explore the role of active colloids in crystal defect dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized computer simulations to model colloidal crystal behavior.
  • Introduced a small fraction of active colloids as dopants.
  • Analyzed system response based on varying self-propulsion levels.

Main Results:

  • Sufficient self-propulsion drives the system to crystal-fluid coexistence.
  • Active dopants accumulate at grain boundaries, inducing surface melting and recrystallization.
  • This leads to grain boundary motion and the formation of single crystals.
  • Low self-propulsion without phase separation showed no enhanced grain growth.

Conclusions:

  • Active colloids can effectively eliminate grain boundaries in colloidal crystals.
  • Phase separation driven by active dopants is key to defect removal.
  • The self-propulsion threshold determines the efficacy of grain boundary migration.