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Sequence Variability in Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Genes seb, sec, and sed.

Sophia Johler1, Henna-Maria Sihto2, Guerrino Macori3

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Toxins
|June 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary

New variants in staphylococcal enterotoxin genes (SEB, SEC, SED) were identified, including a novel amino acid variant of SED. This research enhances understanding of toxin expression and host-specific variations in Staphylococcus aureus.

Keywords:
Staphylococcus aureusenterotoxinpromotersebsecsedsequence variation

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Food Safety
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Staphylococcal food poisoning, caused by staphylococcal enterotoxins from Staphylococcus aureus, is a leading global foodborne illness.
  • Five major enterotoxins (SEA, SEB, SEC, SED, SEE) exist, with limited data on their sequence variations and host associations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate promoter and gene sequence variations in the major staphylococcal enterotoxins SEB, SEC, and SED.
  • To expand knowledge on strain-specific differences and host-associated variations in enterotoxin sequences.

Main Methods:

  • Sequencing of seb, sec, and sed promoter and gene regions from characterized Staphylococcus aureus strains.
  • Analysis of strains from diverse sources: foodborne outbreaks, human infections, nasal colonization, rabbits, and cattle.

Main Results:

  • Novel nucleotide sequence variants were found for SEB, SEC, and SED.
  • A new amino acid sequence variant of SED was identified in a human nasal colonization strain.
  • SEB sequences showed high variability, while SEC and SED were more conserved. A truncated SED variant was found in rabbit strains.

Conclusions:

  • The study identified new sequence variants for SEB, SEC, and SED, contributing to a better understanding of enterotoxin diversity.
  • Findings highlight strain-specific differences in enterotoxin expression and host-specific sequence variations, particularly a truncated SED in rabbits.