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Published on: August 1, 2018
Stigma in Cirrhotic Patients: A Qualitative Study
Reza Shabanloei1, Hossein Ebrahimi, Fazlollah Ahmadi
1Reza Shabanloei, MSc, is PhD Candidate, Liver and Gastrointestinal Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, and School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University (Aras) of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Hossein Ebrahimi, PhD, is Associate Professor of Nursing Education, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Fazlollah Ahmadi, PhD, is Professor of Nursing Education, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Eesa Mohammadi, PhD, is Associate Professor of Nursing Education, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Roya Dolatkhah, MD, is PhD Candidate, Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Cirrhosis patients experience significant stigma, impacting their treatment and coping. Understanding these perceptions is crucial for effective patient care and public awareness.
Area of Science:
- Medical Sociology
- Patient Psychology
- Qualitative Health Research
Background:
- Stigma presents a major challenge for cirrhosis patients, complicating their management and daily lives.
- Understanding the multifaceted nature of perceived stigma is essential for improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore and define the stigma experienced by patients with cirrhosis.
- To categorize the various dimensions of perceived stigma in this patient population.
Main Methods:
- A qualitative study employing content analysis.
- In-depth, semistructured interviews with 15 cirrhosis patients.
- Data analysis based on Granheme and Landman methodologies.
Main Results:
- Stigma was categorized into four main areas: external social stigma, internal social stigma, external self-stigma, and internal self-stigma.
- Thirteen subcategories were identified, including social avoidance, discriminatory treatment, fear of disclosure, and self-alienation.
- Social ostracism, isolation, and self-punishment were significant themes.
Conclusions:
- Cirrhotic patients commonly experience profound stigma, affecting their ability to cope with illness and treatment.
- Healthcare providers must recognize patients' perceptions of stigma to offer comprehensive support.
- Enhancing public awareness regarding cirrhosis and its associated stigma is recommended.
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