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Transfusion-Transmitted Babesia microti.

Deanna C Fang1, Jeffrey McCullough2

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.

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|June 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis (TTB) is a risk, especially for older patients and those with underlying conditions. Testing blood donors for Babesia microti is crucial to prevent severe outcomes and deaths from TTB.

Keywords:
BabesiaTransfusion transmitted infectionTransfusion-transmitted diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Babesia microti is an emerging tick-borne illness in the United States.
  • Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis (TTB) poses a significant health risk.
  • Availability of donor testing for Babesia microti necessitates defining at-risk patient populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify patient populations most vulnerable to transfusion-transmitted babesiosis (TTB).
  • To analyze the outcomes of TTB based on recipient demographics and medical conditions.
  • To inform guidelines for Babesia microti-tested blood transfusion.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of PubMed, AABB abstracts, and FDA website for TTB cases.
  • Analysis of 256 transfusion cases with Babesia microti-positive donors, focusing on 165 TTB cases.
  • Categorization of TTB cases by recipient's underlying condition, age, spleen status, and outcome severity.

Main Results:

  • Of 165 TTB cases, 32 (19%) resulted in death, with 25 deaths attributed to babesiosis.
  • Patients over 65 years old represented the largest group of recipients (36%) and deaths (34%).
  • TTB occurred across all age groups and underlying medical conditions, predominantly from red blood cell transfusions.

Conclusions:

  • Babesia microti-tested blood transfusion is critical for preventing TTB, particularly in vulnerable populations.
  • Age (>65 years) and underlying medical conditions are significant risk factors for severe TTB outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to refine transfusion guidelines and mitigate TTB risks.