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Breastfeeding and mental health in adulthood: A birth cohort study in Brazil

Christian Loret de Mola1, Bernardo Lessa Horta2, Helen Gonçalves2

  • 1Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil; Nursing Department, Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil.

Journal of Affective Disorders
|June 5, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Breastfeeding for six months or longer was associated with reduced odds of severe depressive symptoms in young adults. This study highlights the long-term mental health benefits of breastfeeding.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Breastfeeding is linked to better mental health, but specific disorder data is limited.
  • Young adults' mental health outcomes require further investigation regarding early life factors.
  • Previous research indicates negative associations between breastfeeding and behavioral issues, stress, and mood disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the association between breastfeeding and mental health outcomes in young adults.
  • To investigate the impact of breastfeeding duration on depression, anxiety, and common mental disorders.
  • To provide evidence on the long-term psychological benefits of breastfeeding.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study followed 5914 individuals from birth in Pelotas, Brazil.
  • Breastfeeding data was collected in early childhood.
  • Mental health was assessed at age 30 using structured interviews (MINI) and symptom inventories (BDI-II, SRQ-20).

Main Results:

  • Among 3657 participants, 24.3% had common mental disorders (CMD).
  • Breastfeeding for ≥6 months was associated with reduced odds of more severe depressive symptoms (BDI-II: OR=0.69).
  • Similar trends were observed for major depression (MD) and CMD, though not statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • Breastfeeding, particularly for six months or longer, is associated with a lower likelihood of severe depressive symptoms.
  • The findings suggest a protective effect of breastfeeding on long-term mental health.
  • Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms and potential confounding factors.
Abstract

Keywords:
AnxietyBrazilBreastfeedingCohortDepressionMental health

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