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Tolerance of Micronized Mineral Pigments for Intrastromal Keratopigmentation: A Histopathology and Immunopathology

Maria A Amesty1, Alejandra E Rodriguez, Enrique Hernández

  • 1*Ocular Adnexal Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK; †Research & Development Department, VISSUM, Alicante, Spain; ‡Tumor Immunology Department and Innate Immunity Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital Research Institute, Madrid, Spain; §Cell Engineering Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital Research Institute, Madrid, Spain; and ¶Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Hernández University, and Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, VISSUM, Alicante, Spain.

Cornea
|June 5, 2016
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Mineral pigments are safe and effective for corneal pigmentation. This study found no adverse effects or inflammation, indicating they are a viable option for improving cosmetic appearance.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Histology

Background:

  • Corneal pigmentation is used to improve the cosmetic appearance of eyes with corneal opacity or defects.
  • Existing pigmentation methods may have limitations regarding biocompatibility and long-term safety.
  • Mineral pigments offer a potential alternative due to their inert nature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the histopathological and immunological tolerance of micronized mineral pigments for corneal pigmentation.
  • To assess the biocompatibility and safety of these pigments in an experimental animal model.

Main Methods:

  • Manual intralamellar keratopigmentation was performed in New Zealand white rabbits using micronized mineral pigments.
  • Histopathological examinations were conducted 3 months post-surgery to assess pigment diffusion, inflammation, and neovascularization.
  • Immunological analyses were performed to detect inflammatory responses.

Main Results:

  • No pigment diffusion, inflammation, or neovascularization was observed in the treated corneas.
  • Histopathology confirmed the absence of significant inflammation, aligning with clinical observations.
  • Immunological tests indicated no inflammatory response, both in vivo and in vitro.
  • Corneas exhibited good cosmetic results with no signs of ocular toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Micronized mineral pigments demonstrate excellent tolerance and biocompatibility for corneal pigmentation.
  • Manual intralamellar keratopigmentation with these pigments offers a safe and cosmetically effective treatment option.
  • Mineral pigments represent a promising alternative for patients seeking corneal cosmetic enhancement.

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