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Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint
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Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

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[Hereditary hypermobility of the joints]

E F Lordkipanidze, L T Aladashvili

    Ortopediia Travmatologiia I Protezirovanie
    |February 1, 1989
    PubMed

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    Joints01:26

    Joints

    Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
    Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
    Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
    The bones of a...
    Functional Classification of Joints01:09

    Functional Classification of Joints

    Functional Classification of Joints
    The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
    Synarthrosis
    An immobile...
    Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

    Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

    As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
    There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
    Synchondrosis
    A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary or...
    Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

    Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

    Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
    Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

    Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

    Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
    The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
    During development, the limbs...
    Structural Classification of Joints01:20

    Structural Classification of Joints

    Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
    A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...