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Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells and 5'adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in the
Finosh G Thankam1, Matthew F Dilisio2, Kaitlin A Dougherty1
1a Departments of Clinical & Translational Science , Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha , NE , USA.
Introduction:
The events in the cellular and molecular signaling triggered during inflammation mitigate tissue healing. The metabolic check-point control mediated by 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is crucial for switching the cells into an activated state capable of mediating inflammatory events. The cell metabolism involved in the inflammatory response represents a potential therapeutic target for the pharmacologic management of inflammation. Areas covered: In this article, a critical review is presented on triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell (TREM) receptors and their role in the inflammatory responses, as well as homeostasis between different TREM molecules and their regulation. Additionally, we discussed the relationship between TREM and AMPK to identify novel targets to limit the inflammatory response. Literature search was carried out from the National Library of Medicine's Medline database (using PubMed as the search engine) and Google Scholar and identified relevant studies up to 30 March 2016 using inflammation, TREM, AMPK, as the key words. Expert commentary: The prevention of phenotype switching of immune cells during inflammation by targeting AMPK and TREM-1 could be beneficial for developing novel management strategies for inflammation and associated complications.
Insights
Targeting 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) may offer new ways to manage inflammation. This approach could prevent immune cell changes during inflammation, aiding tissue healing.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Metabolic Regulation
Background:
- Inflammation significantly impacts tissue healing through cellular and molecular signaling.
- 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) controls metabolic checkpoints crucial for inflammatory cell activation.
- Cellular metabolism in inflammation presents a viable therapeutic target for managing inflammatory conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically review the role of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) in inflammatory responses and homeostasis.
- To explore the relationship between TREM and AMPK for identifying novel therapeutic targets in inflammation.
- To discuss potential strategies for limiting inflammatory responses by targeting TREM and AMPK.
Main Methods:
- Literature search conducted on Medline (PubMed) and Google Scholar.
- Keywords used: inflammation, TREM, AMPK.
- Relevant studies identified up to March 30, 2016.
Main Results:
- TREM receptors play a significant role in regulating inflammatory responses.
- AMPK is a key regulator in the metabolic switch during inflammation.
- A potential link exists between TREM and AMPK pathways in modulating inflammation.
Conclusions:
- Targeting AMPK and TREM-1 could prevent immune cell phenotype switching during inflammation.
- Developing novel management strategies for inflammation and its complications may be achieved by targeting these pathways.
- Intervention in the TREM-AMPK axis offers a promising avenue for therapeutic development in inflammatory diseases.
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