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Assessing cortical synchronization during transcranial direct current stimulation: A graph-theoretical analysis.

Matteo Mancini1, Debora Brignani2, Silvia Conforto1

  • 1Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.

Neuroimage
|June 9, 2016
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Summary

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) alters brain network connectivity during rest. This neuromodulation technique shows polarity-specific effects on synchronization patterns in slow frequency bands, impacting local and network activity.

Keywords:
Cortical activityEEGFunctional connectivityGraph theorySynchronization likelihoodtDCS

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuromodulation
  • Brain-Computer Interfaces

Background:

  • Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique.
  • tDCS effects on brain network activity and connectivity are not fully understood.
  • Combining tDCS with electroencephalography (EEG) can elucidate underlying neuronal mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of tDCS on resting-state brain network connectivity.
  • To determine if tDCS induces polarity-specific changes in synchronization patterns.
  • To analyze alterations in graph theory measures and network properties.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous tDCS-EEG recordings were performed on 12 healthy subjects during resting-state.
  • Anodal, cathodal, and sham tDCS conditions were applied with electrodes on the left frontocentral area (FC3) and forehead.
  • Network analysis using graph theory and synchronization likelihood was conducted across theta, alpha, beta, and gamma frequency bands.

Main Results:

  • tDCS significantly altered resting-state network connectivity in a polarity-specific manner for theta and alpha bands.
  • Anodal tDCS weakened fronto-central synchronization in the left hemisphere for the theta band.
  • Cathodal tDCS increased inter-hemispheric synchronization in centro-parietal and occipital areas for the alpha band.

Conclusions:

  • Resting-state tDCS modulates local synchronization and network properties in slow frequency bands.
  • The observed effects are polarity-specific, influencing network activity rather than individual region properties.
  • tDCS offers a method to specifically alter brain network dynamics during resting states.