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Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture
Published on: October 12, 2018
Cyclovirus Vietnam DNA in immunodeficient patients
Lisa Macera1, Daniele Focosi2, Maria Linda Vatteroni3
1Virology Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Microbiology and Virology Unit, University of Cagliari, Italy; Retrovirus Center and Virology Section, Department of Translational Research, University of Pisa, Italy.
Background:
Cyclovirus Vietnam (CyCV-VN) is a CyCV detected in 2013 from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients with neurological disorders. Information on prevalence, pathogenesis and disease association of CyCV-VN is still very patchy.
Objectives And Study Design:
In this study, we have used a PCR assay targeting the Rep gene to investigate the prevalence of CyCV-VN infection in blood and CSF samples of 346 Italian subjects.
Results:
Overall, 7% of blood samples were positive for CyCV-VN while the virus was not detected in any of the CSF samples. The prevalence of CyCV-VN was relatively high in HIV positive patients (21%), modest in patients with HBV or HCV infection (6%), and low in transplant recipient patients (2%). Positive patients showed low levels of CyCV-VN viremia. The virus was not detected in serum samples from healthy individuals. Longitudinal analysis of serum samples obtained from selected patients showed a stable or transient presence of circulating CyCV-VN.
Conclusions:
The present study is the first to demonstrate CyCV-VN DNA circulation in Italy and to cast light on some biological aspects of this novel virus of men.
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