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Related Experiment Videos

A chimera embryo assay reveals a decrease in embryonic cellular proliferation induced by sperm from X-irradiated male

M F Obasaju1, L M Wiley, D J Oudiz

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.

Radiation Research
|May 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

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Low-dose X irradiation (0.05 Gy) in male mice can cause a subtle, inherited proliferative disadvantage in their embryos. This effect is revealed when embryos are combined with healthy embryos in a chimera assay.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Radiation Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sperm DNA damage from radiation can impact embryonic development.
  • The effects of low-dose irradiation on reproductive cells and subsequent embryos are not fully understood.
  • Assessing early embryonic development requires sensitive and specific assays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of acute X irradiation on male mouse sperm and its effect on early embryonic development.
  • To determine if sublethal radiation doses induce heritable changes affecting embryonic proliferation.
  • To utilize the chimera assay to detect subtle disadvantages in embryo development.

Main Methods:

  • Male mice were exposed to varying doses of X irradiation (0.05, 0.29, 1.73 Gy) or sham irradiation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Irradiated and control male mice were mated with females, and embryos were collected at the four-cell stage.
  • Aggregation chimeras were created using embryos from irradiated males and control embryos, with FITC labeling for cell tracking.
  • Chimeras and singly cultured embryos were analyzed for cell number and proliferative capacity.

    • Main Results:

    • Control chimeras showed a consistent cell ratio, indicating normal development.
    • Heterologous chimeras exposed to irradiation showed significantly reduced cell contribution from the experimental embryo, especially at higher doses (1.73 Gy) and lower doses (0.05 Gy).
    • The proliferative disadvantage was detectable in chimeras earlier and persisted longer than differences observed in singly cultured embryos.

    Conclusions:

    • Even a sublethal dose of 0.05 Gy X irradiation can induce heritable changes in sperm, leading to a proliferative disadvantage in embryos.
    • The chimera assay is a sensitive method for detecting radiation-induced developmental defects that may not be apparent in singly cultured embryos.
    • Direct cell-cell interaction in chimeras is crucial for revealing subtle embryonic defects caused by paternal irradiation.