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SOX2 and ALDH1 as Predictors of Operable Breast Cancer
Hiroaki Shima1, Goro Kutomi2, Fukino Satomi2
1Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan simahiro@sapmed.ac.jp.
Aim:
Sex-determining region Y-box binding protein-2 (SOX2) and aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1) are known cancer stem-cell markers, and represent candidate predictors for breast cancer prognosis. In this study we investigated the relationships between SOX2/ALDH1 expression and prognosis.
Materials And Methods:
One hunred and two breast cancer surgical specimens were immunohistochemically analyzed for SOX2 and ALDH1 expression.
Results:
Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly poorer for SOX2-positive patients than SOX2-negative (p=0.0024 and p=0.0021, respectively), and for ALDH1-positive patients than ALDH1-negative (p=0.0049 and p=0.0083). DFS and OS were worse for SOX2- or ALDH1-positive patients than double-negative (p=0.0053 and p=0.0166). While an obvious tendency toward worse DFS was seen for estrogen receptor (ER)-negative patients, and attenuated for ER-positive, only SOX2/ALDH1 any-positive patients showed significantly poorer DFS (p=0.0258).
Conclusion:
SOX2 and ALDH1 can be considered markers of poor prognosis, particularly in ER-negative patients. SOX2/ALDH1 any-positivity might also offer a reliable predictor of poor prognosis.
