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Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
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Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems

Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems

Published on: February 10, 2020

Coherent two-dimensional terahertz-terahertz-Raman spectroscopy.

Ian A Finneran¹, Ralph Welsch¹, Marco A Allodi¹

¹Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125;

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|June 9, 2016

Summary

We developed 2D terahertz-terahertz-Raman (2D TTR) spectroscopy to study liquids. This method reveals molecular coupling and anharmonicity in liquid-phase chemistry by controlling molecular alignment with terahertz pulses.

Keywords:

coherent multidimensional spectroscopy terahertz ultrafast dynamics

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Last Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems

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Area of Science:

Physical Chemistry
Spectroscopy
Molecular Dynamics

Background:

Understanding liquid-phase chemistry requires probing molecular interactions and dynamics.
Traditional spectroscopic methods face limitations in interrogating complex liquid environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel spectroscopic technique, 2D terahertz-terahertz-Raman (2D TTR) spectroscopy, for analyzing liquids.
To investigate the coupling and anharmonicity of thermally activated terahertz (THz) modes in liquids.

Main Methods:

Utilizing multiple pulses of terahertz (THz) light to interrogate liquid samples.
Employing 2D TTR spectroscopy to isolate nonlinear signatures in isotropic media.
Controlling molecular orientational alignment and exciting vibrational coherences by varying THz pulse timing.

Main Results:

Demonstrated the capability of 2D TTR spectroscopy to probe liquid-phase molecular behavior.
Observed previously uncharacterized off-diagonal anharmonic coupling between thermally populated vibrational modes.
Validated experimental findings through comparison with simulated 2D TTR spectra for bromoform, carbon tetrachloride, and dibromodichloromethane.

Conclusions:

2D TTR spectroscopy is a powerful new tool for studying liquid dynamics.
The technique provides insights into the anharmonic coupling of vibrational modes crucial for liquid chemistry.
This advancement opens new avenues for exploring molecular interactions in condensed phases.