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Nasal colonization in children with community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Fazlollah Davoodabadi1, Sina Mobasherizadeh2, Kamyar Mostafavizadeh2

  • 1Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Advanced Biomedical Research
|June 9, 2016
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) colonization is prevalent in young children attending daycare. This nasal carriage increases infection risk, particularly in urban settings, necessitating targeted surveillance and treatment strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a significant cause of infections, with community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) emerging in the 1990s.
  • Nasal carriage of CA-MRSA is a known risk factor for developing subsequent infections across diverse populations.
  • Understanding CA-MRSA epidemiology in vulnerable groups, like young children, is crucial for infection control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and CA-MRSA nasal colonization in preschool children.
  • To identify demographic and environmental factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus (SA) colonization in this pediatric cohort.
  • To determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of isolated CA-MRSA strains.

Main Methods:

  • Anterior nares cultures were obtained from 345 children attending kindergartens without known MRSA risk factors.
  • Standard microbiological tests identified Staphylococcus aureus (SA), including MSSA and CA-MRSA.
  • Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed, and data were analyzed using Whonet 5.6 software.

Main Results:

  • Overall, 5.8% of children were colonized with CA-MRSA, 24.9% with MSSA, and 69.3% had no SA.
  • Colonization rates peaked at age 6, with no significant differences by age, gender, or admission time.
  • CA-MRSA colonization prevalence was significantly higher in urban areas (P < 0.001) and showed low resistance (10%) to gentamicin, rifampin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Conclusions:

  • CA-MRSA colonization is notably present in child care centers, highlighting the importance of considering SA infections in these settings.
  • The study underscores the need for awareness, especially in low socio-economic urban areas where prevalence is higher.
  • Empirical treatment recommendations for CA-MRSA infections include rifampin, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin, based on antibiogram findings.
Keywords:
Community-acquiredmethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusmethicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus

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