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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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Using Laser Scanning Microscopy to Determine Electromigration in Molybdenum Disilicide
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Lattice continuum and diffusional creep.

Sinisa Dj Mesarovic1

  • 1School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University , Pullman, WA 99164, USA.

Proceedings. Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|June 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a lattice continuum theory for diffusional creep, analyzing vacancy diffusion and lattice changes at crystal boundaries. It finds primary creep rates significantly exceed secondary rates in Nabarro-Herring creep models.

Keywords:
continuum kinematicslattice growthmoving boundariesvacancy diffusionvacancy source

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid Mechanics
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Diffusional creep involves vacancy diffusion and lattice plane changes at crystal boundaries.
  • Existing models often simplify the complex interplay of diffusion, elasticity, and grain interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a lattice continuum theory for analyzing diffusional creep in crystals.
  • To formulate governing equations for Nabarro-Herring creep incorporating diffusion and elasticity.
  • To investigate the role of bulk and boundary dissipation in creep mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a lattice continuum theory with a Lagrangian reference configuration.
  • Definition of a transport theorem and creep rate tensor for polycrystals.
  • Derivation of Nabarro-Herring creep equations coupled with diffusion, elasticity, and compositional eigenstrain.

Main Results:

  • The theory provides a framework for analyzing crystal diffusion and boundary processes.
  • Boundary dissipation is found to be negligible compared to bulk diffusional dissipation.
  • Secondary creep rate estimates align with the standard Nabarro-Herring model, with minimal volumetric creep.
  • Initial (primary) creep rates are significantly higher than secondary creep rates.

Conclusions:

  • The developed lattice continuum theory offers an intuitive approach to diffusional creep analysis.
  • Interface energies are crucial for the equilibrium of stressed polycrystals.
  • The significant difference between primary and secondary creep rates highlights distinct initial and steady-state deformation mechanisms.