Cefepime-induced encephalopathy with normal renal function

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Pharmacology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Cefepime is a broad-spectrum, fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.
• It is widely prescribed for various bacterial infections.
• Neurological adverse effects, including seizures and encephalopathy, have been associated with cefepime, particularly in patients with renal impairment.

Observation:

• This report details a case of a patient experiencing cefepime-induced encephalopathy.
• Notably, the patient presented with normal renal function.
• Symptoms fully resolved upon discontinuation of cefepime therapy.

Findings:

• Cefepime can induce neurological toxicity, such as encephalopathy, even in patients with preserved renal function.
• This suggests that factors beyond renal dose adjustment may influence cefepime neurotoxicity.
• Prompt recognition and cessation of the antibiotic are crucial for symptom reversal.

Implications:

• Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for cefepime-induced neurotoxicity, irrespective of renal status.
• Further research into the mechanisms of cefepime neurotoxicity is warranted.
• This case underscores the importance of vigilant monitoring for adverse drug reactions during antibiotic therapy.