Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Quantifying Heat02:46

Quantifying Heat

64.5K
Thermal Energy Microscopically, thermal energy is the kinetic energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules. Temperature is a quantitative measure of “hot” or “cold”, which depends on the amount of thermal energy. When the atoms and molecules in an object are moving or vibrating quickly, they have a higher average kinetic energy (KE) (or higher thermal energy), and the object is perceived as “hot”, or it is described as being at a higher temperature. When the...
64.5K
Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

2.2K
Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
2.2K
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

2.0K
Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...
2.0K
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

7.1K
Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
7.1K
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

5.1K
In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
5.1K
The Carnot Cycle01:30

The Carnot Cycle

4.4K
Converting work to heat is an irreversible process, and the purpose of a heat engine is to reverse the effect partially. Heat engines aim to increase the efficiency of the reversal, that is, maximize the work retrieved from heat. If the efficiency of a heat engine were 100%, it would imply reversing the process completely without introducing any other effect. Thus, it would violate the second law of thermodynamics.
What could be the theoretical limit to the efficiency of a heat engine? The...
4.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Improved Analysis for Intrinsic Properties of Triaxial Accelerometers to Reduce Calibration Uncertainty.

Micromachines·2025
Same author

Type B Uncertainty Analysis of Gravity-Based Determinations of Triaxial-Accelerometer Properties by Simulation of Measurement Errors.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2024
Same author

Calibration of triaxial accelerometers by constant rotation rate in the gravitational field.

Measurement : journal of the International Measurement Confederation·2023
Same author

Shock Measurements Based on Pendulum Excitation and Laser Doppler Velocimetry: Primary Calibration by SI-Traceable Distance Measurements.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2022
Same author

Gravity-Based Characterization of Three-Axis Accelerometers in Terms of Intrinsic Accelerometer Parameters.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2021
Same author

Reduction of calibration uncertainty due to mounting of three-axis accelerometers using the intrinsic properties model.

Metrologia·2021
Same journal

Precise Numerical Differentiation of Thermodynamic Functions with Multicomplex Variables.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2024
Same journal

Characterization of 3-Dimensional Printing and Casting Materials for use in Computed Tomography and X-ray Imaging Phantoms.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2024
Same journal

On The Quotient of a Centralized and a Non-centralized Complex Gaussian Random Variable.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2024
Same journal

Fast Methods for Finding Multiple Effective Influencers in Real Networks.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2024
Same journal

Disinfection of Respirators with Ultraviolet Radiation.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2024
Same journal

DNA Origami Design: A How-To Tutorial.

Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology·2024
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

High-resolution Thermal Micro-imaging Using Europium Chelate Luminescent Coatings
09:01

High-resolution Thermal Micro-imaging Using Europium Chelate Luminescent Coatings

Published on: April 16, 2017

8.2K

Simple Thermal-Efficiency Model for CMOS-Microhotplate Design.

Jon Geist1, M Yaqub Afridi1, Ankush Varma1

  • 1National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899.

Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
|June 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents simple approximations for microhotplate performance. Microhotplate power and current are inversely related to heater leg length, guiding design strategies.

Keywords:
CMOSMEMSlow-voltagemicrohotplatemodelsub-micron

More Related Videos

Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns
07:32

Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns

Published on: April 10, 2017

9.5K
Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment
04:35

Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment

Published on: July 5, 2024

2.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 19, 2026

High-resolution Thermal Micro-imaging Using Europium Chelate Luminescent Coatings
09:01

High-resolution Thermal Micro-imaging Using Europium Chelate Luminescent Coatings

Published on: April 16, 2017

8.2K
Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns
07:32

Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns

Published on: April 10, 2017

9.5K
Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment
04:35

Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment

Published on: July 5, 2024

2.5K

Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Microhotplates are crucial components in various microelectronic devices.
  • Understanding their thermal and electrical characteristics is essential for optimization.
  • Existing models may lack simplicity or direct design applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive simple, semi-empirical, first-order analytic approximations for microhotplate current, voltage, and power.
  • To establish relationships between microhotplate dimensions and performance metrics.
  • To propose a design strategy based on these approximations.

Main Methods:

  • Development of analytic models for microhotplate electrical properties.
  • Derivation of first-order approximations for key performance parameters.
  • Analysis of the dependence of electrical characteristics on microhotplate geometry.

Main Results:

  • Voltage is found to be largely independent of microhotplate heater leg length to the lowest order.
  • Current and power exhibit an inverse proportionality to the length of the microhotplate heater legs.
  • These findings provide a simplified understanding of microhotplate behavior.

Conclusions:

  • The derived approximations offer a straightforward method for predicting microhotplate performance.
  • A first-order design strategy leveraging the inverse relationship between power/current and leg length is presented.
  • This work facilitates simpler design and optimization of microhotplate-based systems.