Could Vitamin D Analogues Be Used to Target Leukemia Stem Cells?

Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) are defined as cells that possess the ability to self-renew and give rise to the differentiated cancer cells that comprise the tumor. These LSCs seem to show chemo-resistance and radio-resistance leading to the failure of conventional cancer therapies. Current therapies are directed at the fast growing tumor mass leaving the LSC fraction untouched. Eliminating LSCs, the root of cancer origin and recurrence, is considered to be a hopeful approach to improve survival or even to cure cancer patients. In order to achieve this, the characterization of LSCs is a prerequisite in order to develop LSC-based therapies to eliminate them. Here we review if vitamin D analogues may allow an avenue to target the LSCs.