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[Isolated thyroid gland sarcoidosis and hyperthyroidism].

W Langsteger1, P Lind, A Beham

  • 1Interne Abteilung, Barmherzige Brüder Graz-Eggenberg.

Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift
|April 29, 1989
PubMed
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This case report details a rare instance of isolated thyroid sarcoidosis in a patient with hyperthyroidism. The condition was discovered incidentally during surgery for a multinodular goiter.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pathology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown etiology.
  • Thyroid involvement in sarcoidosis is uncommon, and isolated thyroid sarcoidosis is exceedingly rare.
  • Hyperthyroidism can occur in sarcoidosis, but its association with isolated thyroid sarcoidosis is not well-established.

Observation:

  • A 28-year-old male presented with hyperthyroid multinodular goiter requiring thyroidectomy.
  • Histological examination revealed sarcoidosis in the non-adenomatous thyroid tissue, alongside a regressive adenoma.
  • The patient had no other signs of sarcoidosis or systemic involvement during a 3-year follow-up.

Findings:

  • The study reports a unique case of isolated thyroid sarcoidosis co-occurring with hyperthyroidism.

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  • Histopathology confirmed sarcoid granulomas in the thyroid gland, distinct from the multinodular goiter.
  • No evidence of systemic sarcoidosis was found post-operatively or during follow-up.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the possibility of isolated thyroid sarcoidosis presenting with hyperthyroid symptoms.
    • The simultaneous occurrence suggests potential thyroid gland infiltration by sarcoidosis, though the mechanism remains unclear.
    • Further research is needed to understand the pathogenesis and clinical significance of thyroid sarcoidosis and its association with thyroid dysfunction.