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Platelets and coronary artery disease: Interactions with the blood vessel wall and cardiovascular devices

Markus Reinthaler1, Steffen Braune2, Andreas Lendlein3

  • 1Department for Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstrasse 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany; and Joint Laboratory HZG/Charité-FUB, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany.

Biointerphases
|June 10, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Platelet function is crucial in atherosclerosis and thromboembolic events. This review details platelet structure and function in atherosclerotic patients and after cardiovascular device implantation.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Hematology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis involves complex thromboembolic events.
  • Platelet function is a significant, yet understudied, risk factor in atherosclerosis.
  • Cardiovascular device implantation can alter platelet behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review platelet morphology and structural organization.
  • To summarize platelet function in physiological conditions, atherosclerosis, and post-cardiovascular device implantation.
  • To highlight the role of platelet function in thromboembolic events.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on platelet function.
  • Description of platelet ultrastructure, including membrane receptors, organelle systems, cytoskeleton, and granules.
  • Summary of platelet activity in various clinical contexts.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of platelet components: membrane receptors, canalicular and tubular systems, cytoskeleton, mitochondria, granules, lysosomes, and peroxisomes.
  • Overview of platelet function under normal physiological conditions.
  • Analysis of altered platelet function in atherosclerotic patients.
  • Examination of platelet response following cardiovascular device implantation.

Conclusions:

  • Platelet structure and function are critical in understanding thromboembolic events.
  • Further research is needed on platelet function as a risk factor in atherosclerosis.
  • Understanding platelet behavior is essential for managing patients with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular devices.

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