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Updated: Mar 19, 2026
Three and Four-Dimensional Visualization and Analysis Approaches to Study Vertebrate Axial Elongation and Segmentation
Published on: February 28, 2021
Three- and four-dimensional HDlive rendering image of fetal acrania/exencephaly in early pregnancy
Toshiyuki Hata1, Emiko Uketa2, Chiaki Tenkumo2
1Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Kagawa University School of Medicine, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan. toshi28@med.kagawa-u.ac.jp.
Abstract:
We present two cases of fetal acrania/exencephaly reconstructed employing the three- (3D) and four-dimensional (4D) HDlive rendering mode in early gestation. Two fetuses with acrania/exencephaly were studied with the 3D/4D HDlive rendering mode at 13 and 15 weeks, respectively. In Case 1, at 13 weeks' gestation, deformed and degenerated brain tissues were clearly shown using the 3D/4D HDlive rendering mode. In Case 2, at 15 weeks and 6 days of gestation, two amniotic bands and acrania/exencephaly were depicted with the 3D/4D HDlive rendering mode. Fragile brain hemispheres with amniotic bands were rocking with fetal movements. The 3D/4D HDlive rendering mode provides physicians, couples, and their families with important and additional information, and has the potential to supplement two-dimensional and conventional 3D ultrasound in diagnosing fetal acrania/exencephaly.
