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Updated: Mar 19, 2026
Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography-Guided Valve Sizing for Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement
Published on: January 20, 2022
Quantification of mitral valve apparatus by three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography: in vitro validation
Ken Saito1, Hiroyuki Okura2, Nozomi Watanabe2
1Department of Cardiology, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan. ksaito@med.kawasaki-m.ac.jp.
Background:
Two commercial software systems have become available for quantitation of mitral leaflet and annulus geometry based on three-dimensional (3D) transesophageal echocardiographic (3DTEE) images. The aim of this study is to investigate the accuracy and compatibility of the three-dimensional (3D) measurements by Real View(®) and MVQ(®).
Methods:
3DTEE images were obtained from phantom models with saddle-shaped annulus of mitral valve prolapse and mitral valve tenting. From reconstructed 3D data, prolapse and tenting volume were calculated by both Real View(®) and MVQ(®) and compared with the actual volume.
Results:
The volume of the phantom models with saddle-shaped annulus measured by Real View(®) (tenting r = 0.99, prolapse r = 0.99) and MVQ(®) (tenting r = 0.99, prolapse r = 0.99) showed good agreement with the actual volume. However, significant difference between Real View(®) and MVQ(®) was observed in the result of quantification (tenting 2.27 ± 1.5 ml versus 2.53 ± 1.6 ml, prolapse 2.55 ± 1.7 ml versus 2.31 ± 1.6 ml, both P < 0.05).
Conclusions:
Although the 2 commercially available systems allow accurate quantitative measurements of the 3D volume, discrepancy in the quantified value as a result of differences in the estimation of annular level is observed. Therefore, we should take into account the characteristics of each software when interpreting analytical results.
