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Related Concept Videos

Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

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The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
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Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct01:24

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The renal tubule is divided into three parts: the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), the Loop of Henle (LOH), and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...
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Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area.
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Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Glomerular Filtration Rate

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The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a critical indicator of kidney health, reflecting how well the kidneys filter blood. Changes in GFR can signal potential kidney impairment, necessitating accurate measurement methods to monitor kidney function effectively.Various molecules can serve as markers for GFR measurement, with the ideal marker meeting several specific criteria. It must freely filter at the glomerulus, avoid reabsorption or secretion by the renal tubules, remain unmetabolized, not...
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Renal Drug Clearance: Comparison Between Renal Excretion Methods01:08

Renal Drug Clearance: Comparison Between Renal Excretion Methods

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Renal clearance is a critical parameter encompassing kidney filtration, secretion, and reabsorption processes. It is calculated using a specific equation to determine the rate at which the kidneys clear a drug.
Renal clearance is often associated with the renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which represents the rate at which plasma is filtered through the glomeruli in the kidney. When drug reabsorption is minimal and there is no active secretion, renal clearance is closely related to the...
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Determination of Renal Drug Clearance: Graphical and Midpoint Methods01:07

Determination of Renal Drug Clearance: Graphical and Midpoint Methods

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Renal clearance, a crucial parameter in pharmacokinetics, can be determined using two different methods: the graphical method and the midpoint method. These methods provide insights into the rate of drug excretion by the kidneys and aid in assessing renal function.
The graphical method involves plotting the rate of drug excretion in urine against the plasma drug concentration. By analyzing the graph, the clearance can be calculated and obtained. Drugs rapidly excreted by the kidneys exhibit a...
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Updated: Mar 19, 2026

TBase - an Integrated Electronic Health Record and Research Database for Kidney Transplant Recipients
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BIG: a large-scale data integration tool for renal physiology.

Yue Zhao1, Chin-Rang Yang1, Viswanathan Raghuram1

  • 1Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology
|June 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers can now efficiently access kidney cell gene expression and protein data using BIG (Biological Information Gatherer), a novel Big-Data tool. This platform aggregates information from multiple proteomic and transcriptomic databases for streamlined data retrieval.

Keywords:
BIG datadata sciencekidney physiologysystems biology

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Proteomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Data Science in Biology

Background:

  • High-throughput techniques have generated vast amounts of proteomic and transcriptomic data for kidney cells.
  • Existing data reside in diverse, disparate databases, hindering efficient information retrieval for specific gene products.
  • The need for a unified approach to query multiple biological databases has become critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the challenge of efficiently accessing comprehensive gene and protein information across multiple kidney cell databases.
  • To introduce a Big-Data tool that centralizes and simplifies the search process for researchers.
  • To facilitate the integration and analysis of large-scale biological datasets.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an online Big-Data tool named BIG (Biological Information Gatherer).
  • Indexing of multiple proteomic and transcriptomic databases relevant to kidney cells.
  • Implementation of a single-query interface for users to retrieve integrated information.

Main Results:

  • BIG provides a centralized platform for accessing information on gene expression and protein abundance.
  • The tool enables efficient retrieval of data across numerous indexed databases.
  • Users can query for specific gene products and obtain comprehensive results from a single search.

Conclusions:

  • BIG offers a significant advancement for researchers studying kidney cells by enabling efficient data discovery.
  • The tool leverages Big-Data principles to overcome information retrieval bottlenecks in genomics and proteomics.
  • BIG is accessible online, promoting wider adoption and accelerating biological research.