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Expressing pride: Effects on perceived agency, communality, and stereotype-based gender disparities
Prisca Brosi1, Matthias Spörrle2, Isabell M Welpe1
1TUM School of Management.
The Journal of Applied Psychology
|June 10, 2016
Summary
Expressing pride positively impacts agency perceptions but negatively affects communality judgments. These effects, including interpersonal hostility, are stronger when a woman expresses pride, challenging gender stereotypes in leadership evaluations.
Area of Science:
- Social Psychology
- Gender Studies
- Organizational Behavior
Background:
- Gender stereotypes influence social and leadership perceptions.
- Pride expression is theorized to impact judgments differently than other emotions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how pride expression shapes judgments of agency and communality.
- To examine gender differences in how pride expression affects these judgments.
- To determine if pride expression alters gender-stereotype-consistent disparities.
Main Methods:
- Two experimental studies were conducted.
- Participants evaluated individuals expressing pride versus happiness.
- Judgments focused on agency, communality, leadership competence, and interpersonal hostility.
Main Results:
- Pride expression enhanced agency perceptions and task-oriented leadership inferences.
- Pride expression decreased communality perceptions and people-oriented leadership inferences.
- Pride expression increased perceived interpersonal hostility, particularly when expressed by women.
- Pride expression eliminated gender-based disparities in agency and communality judgments.
Conclusions:
- Pride expression has a complex effect on social and leadership perceptions, distinct from happiness.
- Gender moderates the impact of pride expression on judgments, with amplified effects for women.
- Pride expression can mitigate, rather than reinforce, gender stereotypes in evaluations.
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