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Characterization of Inflammatory Responses During Intranasal Colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae
Published on: January 17, 2014
Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis in patients with paranasal chronic sinusitis by
Ahmad Farajzadeh Sheikh1, Khadijeh Ahmadi2, Soheila Nikakhlagh3
1Health Research Institute, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Background:
Sinusitis is a complex involvement of the upper respiratory system by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other allergens. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are the dominant bacterial microorganisms involved in acute sinusitis, whereas in chronic sinusitis, Staphylococcus aureus and some anaerobic bacteria are the prevailing pathogens. Appropriate antibiotic treatment requires sinusitis bacteriology assessment. The aim of this study was to isolate bacteria in clinical samples from patients with chronic sinusitis.
Methods:
A total of 55 samples were collected from patients with chronic sinusitis undergoing surgery at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran. Samples were cultured in conventional medium, and for each culture, Gram staining, catalase, coagulase, oxidase, and DNAse tests were performed and isolates were stored for polymerase chain reaction analysis.
Results:
Twenty-three isolates were obtained from five patients, including S. aureus (23.6%), Rhizomucor (1.8%), and Escherichia (1.8%) by the culture method and M. catarrhalis (3.6%) and S. Pneumoniae (7.2%) by the polymerase chain reaction method. Compared with acute sinusitis, the microbiology of chronic sinusitis remains controversial. Results are affected by many factors, including diversity of molecular and culture methods, sterilization of sampling area, sample transfer to laboratory, use of antibiotics prior to surgery, and nasal polyps.
Conclusion:
In Iran, the causative agents of chronic sinusitis are similar to those in other countries. Compared with other bacteria, S. aureus was observed more often in asthmatic patients with sinusitis.
Insights
This study identified Staphylococcus aureus as a frequent cause of chronic sinusitis in Iran, similar to global findings. The research highlights the importance of bacteriology assessment for effective antibiotic treatment in chronic sinusitis patients.
Area of Science:
- Otorhinolaryngology
- Medical Microbiology
Background:
- Sinusitis involves upper respiratory tract infections by various pathogens.
- Common bacteria in acute sinusitis include Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
- Chronic sinusitis often involves Staphylococcus aureus and anaerobic bacteria.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and identify bacterial pathogens in clinical samples from chronic sinusitis patients.
- To understand the bacteriology of chronic sinusitis for appropriate antibiotic selection.
Main Methods:
- Collected 55 samples from chronic sinusitis patients undergoing surgery.
- Utilized conventional culture methods with biochemical tests (Gram staining, catalase, coagulase, oxidase, DNAse).
- Employed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis for bacterial identification.
Main Results:
- Identified 23 isolates from five patients: S. aureus (23.6%), Rhizomucor (1.8%), Escherichia (1.8%) via culture.
- Detected M. catarrhalis (3.6%) and S. Pneumoniae (7.2%) using PCR.
- Noted S. aureus prevalence in asthmatic patients with sinusitis.
Conclusions:
- Bacteriological findings in Iranian chronic sinusitis patients align with international data.
- Staphylococcus aureus is a significant pathogen in chronic sinusitis, particularly in asthmatic individuals.
- Accurate bacteriology assessment is crucial for guiding antibiotic therapy in chronic sinusitis.
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