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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
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Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Updated: Mar 19, 2026

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APOBEC3G has the ability to programme T cell plasticity.

Anuradha Garg1, Deepak Kaul1

  • 1Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.

Blood Cells, Molecules & Diseases
|June 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, Catalytic Polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G) influences T-cell plasticity and immune responses. This enzyme regulates key immune genes and downregulates Treg cells, impacting oncogenesis.

Keywords:
APOBEC3GNF-κBSTAT3T cell plasticityTreg cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, Catalytic Polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G) is increasingly recognized for its role in oncogenesis.
  • Understanding the immune-modulatory functions of APOBEC3G is crucial for cancer research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immune-modulatory role of APOBEC3G.
  • To determine the effect of APOBEC3G on T-cell plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gene expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
  • Assessment of T-cell populations (CD4+, CD8+, Treg).
  • Evaluation of cytokine and signaling pathway gene regulation.

Main Results:

  • APOBEC3G regulates genes including STAT3, NF-κB, CCL5, IL-6, IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-17.
  • APOBEC3G downregulates regulatory T (Treg) cells.
  • APOBEC3G does not affect CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell counts.

Conclusions:

  • APOBEC3G possesses the inherent capacity to induce T-cell plasticity.
  • APOBEC3G plays a significant role in modulating immune responses, with implications for oncogenesis.