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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Temporal Ordering of Dynamic Expression Data from Detailed Spatial Expression Maps
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Spatiotemporal SERT expression in cortical map development.

Xiaoning Chen1, Emilie I Petit1, Kostantin Dobrenis2

  • 1Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Rose F. Kennedy Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.

Neurochemistry International
|June 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transient serotonin transporter (SERT) expression in specific neurons guides brain map development. SERT knockout in thalamic neurons disrupts sensory maps, but not in prefrontal cortex or hippocampus.

Keywords:
Cortical map architectureSERT conditional knockout miceSerotonin (5-HT)-absorbing neuronsSerotonin transporter (SERT)Spatiotemporal gene expression

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The cerebral cortex has distinct areas for perception, cognition, and behavior.
  • Transcriptome studies show temporal gene expression in neocortical areas during development.
  • The roles of spatiotemporal gene expression in cortical patterning are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal and spatial expression of the serotonin (5-HT) transporter (SERT) in glutamatergic neurons during sensory map development in mice.
  • To determine the role of SERT in specific neuronal populations, including thalamic and cortical neurons, in regulating cortical map patterning.

Main Methods:

  • Characterized temporal- and spatial-defined expression of SERT in mouse glutamatergic neurons.
  • Utilized genetic knockout models to selectively remove SERT function in specific neuronal populations (thalamic neurons, prefrontal cortex/hippocampus neurons).
  • Assessed the impact of SERT knockout on sensory map architecture and patterning.

Main Results:

  • SERT is transiently expressed in glutamatergic thalamic neurons projecting to sensory cortices and in prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HPC) pyramidal neurons during critical developmental periods.
  • Knockout of SERT in thalamic neurons impaired sensory map architecture due to blocked 5-HT uptake and excessive signaling.
  • Selective SERT knockout in PFC and HPC neurons did not affect sensory map patterning.

Conclusions:

  • Transient SERT expression in specific glutamatergic neurons provides area-specific instructions for cortical map patterning.
  • SERT function in thalamocortical neurons is crucial for proper sensory map development.
  • Targeting SERT may offer insights into the genetic programming of cortex-specific maps and developmental disorders.