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Hypertension in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a meta-analysis

Matko Marlais1, Oliver Cuthell2, Dean Langan1

  • 1Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.

Archives of Disease in Childhood
|June 12, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension affects 20% of children with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Regular blood pressure monitoring is recommended for early detection in at-risk children.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pediatrics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common genetic disorder.
  • Hypertension is a known complication of ADPKD, but its prevalence in childhood is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the prevalence of hypertension in children and young individuals (<21 years) diagnosed with ADPKD.
  • To determine the prevalence of associated conditions like proteinuria and reduced renal function in this pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across MEDLINE and EMBASE from 1980 to 2015.
  • Studies were independently selected by two authors, including observational series with over 15 children.
  • Meta-analysis was used to calculate the weighted mean prevalence of hypertension, proteinuria, and reduced renal function.

Main Results:

  • The meta-analysis included 14 studies encompassing 928 children with ADPKD.
  • A significant prevalence of hypertension was found, estimated at 20% (95% CI 15% to 27%).
  • The prevalence of proteinuria was estimated at 20% and reduced renal function at 8% among children with ADPKD.

Conclusions:

  • The study estimates that 20% of children with ADPKD experience hypertension.
  • A substantial number of children with ADPKD may remain undiagnosed due to lack of regular follow-up.
  • Regular blood pressure measurement is recommended for all children at risk for ADPKD.
Abstract

Keywords:
NephrologyPaediatric Practice

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