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Anti-epileptic drugs in pediatric traumatic brain injury

Tomoko Tanaka1, N Scott Litofsky1

  • 1a Division of Neurological Surgery , University of Missouri School of Medicine , Columbia , MO , USA.

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
|June 14, 2016
PubMed

Insights

This review examines pediatric post-traumatic epilepsy, focusing on incidence, anti-epileptic drug (AED) use, and adverse effects. Levetiracetam shows promise in preventing epileptogenesis in children with traumatic brain injuries.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neurotrauma
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Pediatric post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) incidence and anti-epileptic drug (AED) use lack robust evidence-based data.
  • Adverse effects of AEDs can negatively impact functional outcomes in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify available data on pediatric PTE incidence, AED efficacy, and adverse effects.
  • To review developments in preventing epileptogenesis and suggest patient management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of English language papers in PubMed.
  • Keywords included: adverse drug effects, anti-epileptic drugs, children, epilepsy, epileptogenesis, head injury, levetiracetam, pediatrics, phenytoin, post-traumatic epilepsy, prevention, seizures, traumatic brain injury.

Main Results:

  • Seizure incidence in pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) varies with injury severity and reporting methods.
  • Levetiracetam is highlighted as a potential agent for preventing epileptogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Identifying high-risk pediatric patients for post-traumatic seizures is crucial.
  • Further research is needed to establish evidence-based guidelines for AED use and PTE management.
Abstract

Keywords:
Traumatic brain injuryadverse drug effectantiepileptic drugpediatricpost-traumatic epilepsy

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