Nutrigenomics and Beef Quality: A Review about Lipogenesis
Marcio M Ladeira1, Jon P Schoonmaker2, Mateus P Gionbelli3
1Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil. mladeira@dzo.ufla.br.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 14, 2016
Summary
Nutrition significantly impacts beef fat composition and marbling by influencing gene expression in lipid metabolism. Diet adjustments, particularly concerning fatty acids and energy sources, are key for optimizing beef quality through nutrigenomics.
Area of Science:
- Nutrigenomics
- Molecular Biology
- Animal Science
Background:
- Fat synthesis in cattle occurs at the molecular level.
- Nutritional impacts on lipid metabolism are a focus of nutrigenomic research.
- Nuclear receptors and transcription factors play crucial roles in fatty acid metabolism.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review studies on how nutrition affects gene expression in lipid metabolism.
- To explore how diet manipulation can alter beef marbling and fat composition.
Main Methods:
- Review of published studies on nutrition and lipid metabolism in cattle.
- Focus on gene expression, particularly transcription factors like PPARs and SREBPs.
- Analysis of dietary components influencing lipogenesis, including fatty acids, starch, forage, and vitamins.
Main Results:
- Nutrients regulate the mRNA synthesis of key transcription factors (PPARs, SREBPs) involved in lipid metabolism.
- Dietary components can modulate the metabolic actions of these transcription factors, influencing lipogenesis in muscle.
- Specific dietary strategies like adjusting polyunsaturated fatty acid sources, starch, forage ratios, and vitamin supplementation can alter fat deposition.
Conclusions:
- Dietary manipulation offers a viable strategy to control beef marbling and fat composition.
- Understanding the molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism through nutrigenomics is essential for targeted feedlot management.
- Careful feedlot feed management is crucial for producing high-marbling beef.
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