Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 19, 2026
10:39
Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning
Published on: August 29, 2025
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A mandala of faculty development: using theory-based evaluation to explore contexts, mechanisms and outcomes
Betty Onyura1, Stella L Ng2,3,4,5,6, Lindsay R Baker2,7
1Centre for Faculty Development, Faculty of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, University of Toronto at St. Michael's Hospital, 4th Floor, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada. onyurab@smh.ca.
Summary
Faculty development programs can achieve their goals by understanding context and mechanisms. This study shows how faculty development, through reflection and empowerment, leads to individual and institutional improvements in academic health sciences.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Health Professions Education Research
Background:
- Demonstrating the impact of faculty development is challenging.
- Current evaluation methods for faculty development programs are often inadequate.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate an intensive longitudinal faculty development program using realist and theory-driven approaches.
- To understand how faculty development supports individual and sub-system outcomes in academic health sciences.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective framework analysis of qualitative focus group data from 79 participants (5 cohorts) over 10 years.
- Follow-up interviews with 15 program alumni.
- Development of a "mandala" to represent context, mechanisms, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Key mechanisms identified: collaborative reflection, self-reflection/regulation, relationship building, and pedagogical knowledge acquisition.
- Individual outcomes included changes in teaching practices.
- Secondary mechanisms (empowerment) led to institutional outcomes via change leadership.
Conclusions:
- A theory-driven evaluation approach can model how faculty development, within specific contexts, triggers mechanisms for faculty and institutional benefits.
- This approach offers a way to measure the outcomes of educational programs and assess their effectiveness.
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