Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Full-Endoscopic Transforaminal Approach for Lumbar Discectomy
Published on: September 8, 2023
Sedation Monitoring and Management during Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy
Menekse Oksar1, Tulin Gumus2, Orhan Kanbak2
1Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Mustafa Kemal University Medical School, 31100 Hatay, Turkey.
Abstract:
Percutaneous endoscopic laser discectomy (PELD) is a painful intervention that requires deep sedation and analgesia. However, sedation should be light at some point because cooperation by the patient during the procedure is required for successful surgical treatment. Light sedation poses a problem for endotracheal intubation, while patients placed in the prone position during percutaneous endoscopic discectomy pose a problem for airway management. Therefore, under these conditions, sedation should be not deeper than required. Here we report the sedation management of three cases that underwent PELD, with a focus on deep and safe sedation that was monitored using bispectral index score and observer's assessment of alertness/sedation score.
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