Enhanced elimination of ciprofloxacin after multiple-dose administration of rifampin to rabbits
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S L Barriere1, G W Kaatz, S M Seo
1Department of Pharmaceutical Services, UCLA Center for the Health Sciences 90024.
Abstract:
The combination of ciprofloxacin and rifampin is potentially useful for the treatment of selected infections. However, rifampin may induce the metabolism of ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin was given in single doses to healthy rabbits before and after six daily doses of intramuscular rifampin. Total clearance of ciprofloxacin increased from 0.96 +/- 0.32 (standard deviation) to 1.57 +/- 0.63 liters/h per kg (P less than 0.05). This change in elimination is potentially significant for the outcome of experimental infections in rabbits.
Insights
Rifampin significantly increases the elimination of ciprofloxacin in rabbits, potentially impacting treatment effectiveness for infections. This interaction highlights the need for careful consideration when combining these antibiotics.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Microbiology
- Drug Metabolism
Background:
- Ciprofloxacin and rifampin combination shows promise for treating certain infections.
- Rifampin is known to potentially induce the metabolism of other drugs, including fluoroquinolones.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of rifampin administration on the pharmacokinetic profile of ciprofloxacin in a rabbit model.
- To assess if rifampin alters ciprofloxacin's elimination rate.
Main Methods:
- Healthy rabbits received single doses of ciprofloxacin.
- Ciprofloxacin was administered both before and after a six-day course of intramuscular rifampin.
- Total body clearance of ciprofloxacin was measured and compared between the two conditions.
Main Results:
- Total clearance of ciprofloxacin significantly increased after rifampin treatment (from 0.96 ± 0.32 to 1.57 ± 0.63 L/h/kg, P < 0.05).
- This indicates an accelerated elimination of ciprofloxacin when co-administered with rifampin.
Conclusions:
- Rifampin significantly enhances the elimination of ciprofloxacin in rabbits.
- This pharmacokinetic interaction may have implications for the efficacy of combined ciprofloxacin-rifampin therapy in experimental infections.