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Learning Disabilities

Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
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Measuring Speech Comprehensibility in Students with Down Syndrome.

Paul J Yoder, Tiffany Woynaroski, Stephen Camarata

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR

|June 15, 2016

Summary

Developing reliable speech comprehensibility measures for children with Down syndrome is crucial. This study found that listener ratings and orthographic measures effectively assess speech clarity in these students.

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Area of Science:

Speech-Language Pathology
Developmental Psychology
Linguistics

Background:

Assessing spontaneous speech comprehensibility is vital for children with Down syndrome.
Existing measures may not fully capture listener perception of speech clarity.
Developing stable and valid assessment tools is an ongoing need.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify attributes of a stable ratings-based measure of speech comprehensibility.
To examine the criterion-related validity of an orthography-based measure for conversational speech in students with Down syndrome.

Main Methods:

Ten elementary school students with Down syndrome participated.
Four unfamiliar adult raters provided Likert ratings of speech comprehensibility.
An orthography-based measure quantified the proportion of fully glossed utterances.

Main Results:

A reliable ratings-based measure (G = .83) was achieved by averaging ratings from four observers.
The ratings-based measure showed strong correlations (r > .80) with the orthography-based measure.
This validity held for both same and different conversational speech samples.

Conclusions:

Reliable and valid measures of speech comprehensibility are attainable.
These measures can be implemented with resources available to many researchers and clinicians.
This research provides practical tools for assessing speech in children with Down syndrome.