[The metastatic tumor and immunotherapy].

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunotherapy
• Cancer Metastasis

Context:

• Metastasis is a hallmark of malignant tumors, posing significant challenges in cancer treatment.
• Hematogenous metastasis, the spread of cancer through the bloodstream, is a critical factor in patient outcomes.
• Current treatment strategies for metastatic cancer often have limited efficacy.

Purpose:

• To investigate the efficacy of immunotherapy in combating hematogenous metastasis.
• To evaluate the potential of preoperative transendoscopic intratumoral injection of biological response modifiers (BRM) in reducing distant metastases.
• To assess the antitumor effects of a novel combination therapy, OH-1 (natural human TNF-alpha and natural human IFN-alpha), on advanced and recurrent malignant tumors.

Summary:

• A randomized controlled study demonstrated that preoperative intratumoral BRM injection in gastrointestinal cancer patients led to a decrease in lymph node metastases, suggesting systemic immuno-enhancement and reduced micro-metastasis.
• Clinical studies of OH-1 therapy on advanced and recurrent cancers showed a 19.4% efficacy rate (including complete and partial responses) with a specific maintenance dose.
• Remarkable effects of OH-1 were observed in breast, renal, and liver cancers, with effectiveness also noted against lung, bone, and liver hematogenous metastases.

Impact:

• Findings suggest immunotherapy, including local BRM injection and systemic OH-1 therapy, can play a crucial role in managing hematogenous metastasis.
• The study highlights the potential of immunotherapy to reduce the burden of distant metastases and improve outcomes for patients with advanced cancers.
• This research provides a basis for further investigation into optimizing immunotherapy strategies for metastatic cancers.