Soliton synchronization in the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation

The focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) describes propagation of quasimonochromatic waves in weakly nonlinear media. The aim of this study is to determine conditions of soliton synchronization in the NLSE in terms of the solitons' position and phase parameters. For this purpose, the concept of asymptotic middle states of solitons in the NLSE is first introduced. With soliton solutions of the NLSE, it is shown that soliton synchronization can be achieved by synchronizing the asymptotic middle states of the solitons, and conditions of soliton synchronization in terms of the solitons' position and phase parameters are given. Although the interaction of the solitons is nonlinear, the conditions are linear equations. Then, aided with the synchronization conditions, simple initial conditions are presented for producing synchronized interaction of solitons without the need to obtain analytic expressions for the synchronized interaction of the solitons. The initial conditions are summations of fundamental solitons with no mutual overlap, so they might be convenient to implement in applicative contexts.