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A case of surgically treated peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis
Masoomeh Khajehnoori1, Tim O'Brien2
1Department of General Surgery, University Hospital, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia, masoum22@hotmail.com.
Abstract:
Peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum (PPG) is a rare subtype of pyoderma gangrenosum that is difficult to diagnose and treat. It is characterized by the rapid progression of painful necrotic ulcer surrounding an area of abdominal stoma. It is almost exclusively associated with inflammatory bowel disease even after bowel surgery and is associated with significant morbidity. Diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum is based on exclusion of other disorders replicating some of its clinical features and histopathological evidence.This is a case report of a 56-year-old lady with rheumatoid arthritis who presented with rapidly progressing abdominal ulcer 8 months after a Hartmanns procedure for perforated diverticulitis. The ulcer had formed a large cavity causing faecal filling in the dependent defect. The other causes of ulcer were excluded with negative histopathology, negative polymerase chain reaction for Mycobacterium ulcerans and negative acid fast bacillus (AFB) test. She was diagnosed with PPG which is routinely treated medically due to risk of setting off a second focus of pyoderma if surgically intervened. However due to increased risk of faecal peritonitis, it was decided to proceed with surgical debridement. This article will discuss the case in more detail and briefly discuss diagnosis and treatment options for PPG.
Insights
Peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum (PPG) is a rare, painful ulcer condition near abdominal stomas, often linked to inflammatory bowel disease. This case report details a unique surgical intervention for PPG in a rheumatoid arthritis patient, highlighting diagnostic and treatment challenges.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Gastroenterology
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum (PPG) is a rare, aggressive ulcerative condition affecting the skin around abdominal stomas.
- It is frequently associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
Observation:
- A 56-year-old female with rheumatoid arthritis developed a rapidly progressing, necrotic abdominal ulcer post-Hartmanns procedure.
- The ulcer formed a large cavity with fecal contamination, mimicking other ulcerative conditions.
Findings:
- Differential diagnoses including infections (Mycobacterium ulcerans, AFB) and other ulcerative causes were excluded via histopathology and PCR.
- The patient was diagnosed with PPG, a condition typically managed medically due to surgical risks.
Implications:
- This case highlights the rare but critical consideration of PPG in peristomal ulcerations, even in non-IBD patients.
- Despite standard treatment protocols, surgical debridement was deemed necessary due to the risk of fecal peritonitis, showcasing a deviation from typical management.
- The report emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach for complex PPG cases, balancing medical and surgical interventions.
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