Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Development of Blood Vessels01:07

Development of Blood Vessels

1.8K
The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...
1.8K
Structure of Blood Vessels01:15

Structure of Blood Vessels

10.4K
Blood is circulated throughout the human body through a network of blood vessels called the circulatory system. This system includes arteries that transport blood from the heart to various body parts. These arterial pathways divide into smaller vessels until they reach the arterioles, which further split into capillaries. It is within these minuscule capillaries that the exchange of nutrients and waste products takes place. After this exchange, the blood is collected by venules, which fuse to...
10.4K
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

3.9K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
3.9K
Arteries and Arterioles01:16

Arteries and Arterioles

7.5K
Arteries, the vasculature responsible for transporting blood from the heart, possess robust walls capable of enduring the elevated pressures exerted by the heartbeat. Arteries near the heart are especially thick-walled and enriched with elastic fibers across their three tunics, classifying them as elastic or conducting arteries. These arteries, usually with a diameter exceeding 10 mm, are characterized by their ability to dilate in response to the blood pumped from the heart's ventricles...
7.5K
Vascular Resistance01:20

Vascular Resistance

12.6K
Vascular resistance is a critical concept in understanding blood flow dynamics in the circulatory system. It refers to the resistance that blood encounters as it flows through the blood vessels. This resistance is a key factor in determining blood pressure and cardiac workload.
The primary determinants of vascular resistance are vessel diameter, blood viscosity, and vessel length. Among these, vessel diameter plays the most significant role due to the fourth power relationship described by...
12.6K
Overview of Blood Vessels01:14

Overview of Blood Vessels

12.3K
The human cardiovascular system comprises five primary types of blood vessels: arteries, arterioles, veins, venules, and capillaries, each serving unique functions.
Arteries and Arterioles: Arteries are muscular and elastic vessels that primarily carry oxygenated blood from the heart to body tissues, except for the pulmonary artery, which carries deoxygenated blood. They have thick walls to withstand high pressure and contain a layer of muscle tissue, allowing them to expand or contract as...
12.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Longer growing seasons will not offset growth loss in drought-prone temperate forests of Central-Southeast Europe.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Tree drought physiology: critical research questions and strategies for mitigating climate change effects on forests.

The New phytologist·2024
Same author

High Inter-Specific Diversity and Seasonality of Trunk Radial Growth in Trees Along an Afrotropical Elevational Gradient.

Plant, cell & environment·2024
Same author

Methodological concerns underlying a lack of evidence for cultural heterogeneity in the replication of psychological effects.

Communications psychology·2024
Same author

Adjustment of storage capacity for non-structural carbohydrates in response to limited water availability in two temperate woody species.

Physiologia plantarum·2024
Same author

Sap flow through partially embolized xylem vessel networks.

Plant, cell & environment·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Stepwise Cell Seeding on Tessellated Scaffolds to Study Sprouting Blood Vessels
07:49

Stepwise Cell Seeding on Tessellated Scaffolds to Study Sprouting Blood Vessels

Published on: January 14, 2021

4.0K

An ecophysiological and developmental perspective on variation in vessel diameter.

Uwe G Hacke1, Rachel Spicer2, Stefan G Schreiber1

  • 1University of Alberta, Department of Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada.

Plant, Cell & Environment
|June 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Plant xylem vessel diameter (Dv) varies across species and environments, impacting water transport. Auxin transport is a key regulator of Dv, but its precise role needs further investigation.

Keywords:
auxinbiomesfreezing-induced embolismphenotypic plasticityprovenance trialsvascular cambiumvessel developmentvessel taperingxylem

More Related Videos

Scaling of Engineered Vascular Grafts Using 3D Printed Guides and the Ring Stacking Method
09:38

Scaling of Engineered Vascular Grafts Using 3D Printed Guides and the Ring Stacking Method

Published on: March 27, 2017

8.9K
Studying Diabetes Through the Eyes of a Fish: Microdissection, Visualization, and Analysis of the Adult tgfli:EGFP Zebrafish Retinal Vasculature
10:07

Studying Diabetes Through the Eyes of a Fish: Microdissection, Visualization, and Analysis of the Adult tgfli:EGFP Zebrafish Retinal Vasculature

Published on: December 26, 2017

14.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Stepwise Cell Seeding on Tessellated Scaffolds to Study Sprouting Blood Vessels
07:49

Stepwise Cell Seeding on Tessellated Scaffolds to Study Sprouting Blood Vessels

Published on: January 14, 2021

4.0K
Scaling of Engineered Vascular Grafts Using 3D Printed Guides and the Ring Stacking Method
09:38

Scaling of Engineered Vascular Grafts Using 3D Printed Guides and the Ring Stacking Method

Published on: March 27, 2017

8.9K
Studying Diabetes Through the Eyes of a Fish: Microdissection, Visualization, and Analysis of the Adult tgfli:EGFP Zebrafish Retinal Vasculature
10:07

Studying Diabetes Through the Eyes of a Fish: Microdissection, Visualization, and Analysis of the Adult tgfli:EGFP Zebrafish Retinal Vasculature

Published on: December 26, 2017

14.2K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Ecology
  • Wood Anatomy

Background:

  • Xylem vessel diameter (Dv) is crucial for plant water relations and survival.
  • Understanding Dv variation and its regulation is essential for predicting plant responses to environmental changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize the ecophysiological implications of xylem lumen diameter variation.
  • To summarize current knowledge on vessel development and its regulation.
  • To analyze inter-specific, intra-specific, and intra-plant variation in Dv.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing data on xylem vessel diameter.
  • Analysis of Dv across different biomes, environmental conditions, and plant parts.
  • Examination of the role of auxin transport in vessel development.

Main Results:

  • Dv varies significantly across biomes, with smaller diameters (<30 µm) in frost-prone regions and high variability in tropical rainforests.
  • Within plants, trunk and large roots have wider vessels than leaves and small roots.
  • Dv is influenced by environmental factors and plant size, but its precise regulation remains poorly understood.

Conclusions:

  • Xylem vessel diameter is a dynamic trait influenced by environmental factors and plant anatomy.
  • Polar auxin transport is implicated as a key regulator of Dv, linking foliar development to xylem structure.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the role of auxin in cell expansion and secondary growth continuity for Dv regulation.