Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Other Stress Responses in Bacteria01:30

Other Stress Responses in Bacteria

500
Bacteria have global regulatory systems that control several types of stress mechanisms. These include Pho regulon and the heat shock response, which are essential systems for environmental adaptation, such as nutrient limitation and proteotoxic stress. The Pho regulon and the heat shock response exemplify bacterial resilience, enabling rapid adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions.Pho RegulonBacteria require phosphorus for essential cellular processes, including nucleic acid...
500
Stringent Response in E. coli01:23

Stringent Response in E. coli

457
Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...
457
Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response01:31

Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response

3.2K
Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
3.2K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

1.5K
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
1.5K
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

2.8K
The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
2.8K
The Unfolded Protein Response01:37

The Unfolded Protein Response

6.7K
The ER is the hub of protein synthesis in a cell. It has robust systems to quality control protein folding and also for degradation of terminally misfolded proteins. Under normal conditions, a small proportion of misfolded proteins that cannot be salvaged need to be transported to the cytoplasm by the ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathways. However, if the ERAD cannot handle the misfolded proteins, the cell activates the unfolded protein response or UPR to adjust the protein folding...
6.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Focal white matter lesions drive grey matter inflammation and synapse loss.

Nature·2026
Same author

From basic biology to engineered therapies: the keratinocyte stem cell playbook.

Frontiers in medical technology·2026
Same author

Diagnostic Yield of Comprehensive Reanalysis After Nondiagnostic Short-Read Genome Sequencing in Infants With Unexplained Epilepsy.

Neurology·2026
Same author

A Framework for Bioinformatic Reporting in Prenatal Sequencing: Insights From a Systematic Review.

Prenatal diagnosis·2026
Same author

The two-step purification method ViREn identifies a single NSUN6-mediated 5-methylcytosine modification promoting dengue virus RNA genome turnover.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same author

From Laboratory to Field: Concurrent Validity of Kinovea's Linear Kinematics Tracking Tool for Semi-Automated Countermovement Jump Analysis.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Rapid In Vivo Fixation and Isolation of Translational Complexes from Eukaryotic Cells
14:29

Rapid In Vivo Fixation and Isolation of Translational Complexes from Eukaryotic Cells

Published on: December 25, 2021

4.9K

Stem cell function and stress response are controlled by protein synthesis.

Sandra Blanco1, Roberto Bandiera1, Martyna Popis1

  • 1Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK.

Nature
|June 17, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Cellular stress response pathways reduce protein synthesis in mouse skin stem cells, promoting stem cell functions and tumor growth. This inhibition must be reversed for tissue or tumor regeneration.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Polysome Profiling Protocol for Studying Translational Regulation in Arabidopsis Under Heat Stress
08:39

Author Spotlight: Polysome Profiling Protocol for Studying Translational Regulation in Arabidopsis Under Heat Stress

Published on: October 11, 2024

2.3K
Analysis of Translation Initiation During Stress Conditions by Polysome Profiling
10:59

Analysis of Translation Initiation During Stress Conditions by Polysome Profiling

Published on: May 19, 2014

18.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Rapid In Vivo Fixation and Isolation of Translational Complexes from Eukaryotic Cells
14:29

Rapid In Vivo Fixation and Isolation of Translational Complexes from Eukaryotic Cells

Published on: December 25, 2021

4.9K
Author Spotlight: Polysome Profiling Protocol for Studying Translational Regulation in Arabidopsis Under Heat Stress
08:39

Author Spotlight: Polysome Profiling Protocol for Studying Translational Regulation in Arabidopsis Under Heat Stress

Published on: October 11, 2024

2.3K
Analysis of Translation Initiation During Stress Conditions by Polysome Profiling
10:59

Analysis of Translation Initiation During Stress Conditions by Polysome Profiling

Published on: May 19, 2014

18.9K

Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Cancer research

Background:

  • The interplay between protein synthesis and cellular stress response in stem cell regulation is not well understood.
  • Stem cells possess unique properties that allow them to maintain tissue homeostasis and regenerate damaged tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between protein synthesis and cellular stress response pathways in controlling mouse skin stem cell function.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying stem cell-driven tumorigenesis and tissue regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo studies comparing protein synthesis in stem cells and progenitors.
  • Analysis of stress response pathways and translational programs.
  • Investigating the role of post-transcriptional cytosine-5 methylation.

Main Results:

  • Mouse skin stem cells exhibit reduced protein synthesis compared to progenitors, even during proliferation.
  • Activation of stress response pathways globally reduces protein synthesis and alters translational programs, promoting stem cell functions and tumorigenesis.
  • Inhibition of post-transcriptional cytosine-5 methylation sustains this translational inhibition in tumor-initiating cells, paradoxically increasing sensitivity to cytotoxic stress and blocking tumor regeneration.

Conclusions:

  • Protein synthesis reduction and altered translational programs, driven by stress response pathways, are crucial for stem cell function and tumorigenesis.
  • Reversal of translation inhibition is essential for tissue and tumor regeneration after cytotoxic stress.