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The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible...
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Viral nucleic acids in human plasma pools.

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Viral metagenomics detected anelloviruses and human pegivirus A in plasma pools. Two novel gemycircularvirus genomes were identified, prompting further research into their origin and potential human infection.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Accurate identification of viruses in human blood is crucial for epidemiological surveillance.
  • Detecting emerging viral threats is essential for ensuring blood transfusion safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze viral nucleic acids in plasma fractionation pools using viral metagenomics.
  • To identify and characterize viruses present in blood donor samples from the US and Europe.

Main Methods:

  • Viral metagenomics was employed to analyze nucleic acids from plasma fractionation pools.
  • Digital PCR was used for independent confirmation and quantification of specific viral genomes.

Main Results:

  • Anelloviruses were detected in all 10 plasma pools.
  • Human pegivirus A (HPgV) sequences (primarily Genotype 2) were found in 80% of pools.
  • Two novel gemycircularvirus genomes were identified and fully sequenced in one pool, with high concentration confirmed by digital PCR.

Conclusions:

  • The presence of gemycircularviruses in plasma pools requires further investigation.
  • Research is needed to determine if gemycircularviruses infect humans or result from contamination during processing or from donor infections.