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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Inflammatory Response01:28

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

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Related Experiment Video

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Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
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IL-10 Modulates Th17 Pathogenicity during Autoimmune Diseases.

Beichu Guo1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina 29425-5040, USA; Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina 29425-5040, USA.

Journal of Clinical & Cellular Immunology
|June 17, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Interferon pathways boost interleukin-10 (IL-10) production, which suppresses inflammatory T helper 17 (Th17) cell responses. This mechanism helps control autoimmune diseases like Multiple Sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease.

Keywords:
Autoimmune diseaseColitisIL-1IL-10IL-27InflammationInnate immunityInterferonMultiple sclerosisTh17

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Autoimmunity
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The immune system protects against pathogens but can cause autoimmune diseases when dysregulated.
  • Elevated T helper 17 (Th17) cell activity is implicated in autoimmune conditions like Multiple Sclerosis (MS), arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
  • Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a key anti-inflammatory cytokine that helps maintain immune homeostasis by dampening excessive immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the novel immunoregulatory role of interferon (IFN) pathways in innate and adaptive immune responses.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which IFN pathways influence Th17 cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Studied the effects of interferon-alpha/beta (IFNα/β) on IL-10 production in macrophages and Th17 cells.
  • Utilized Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis (EAE) as an animal model for MS.
  • Employed a chronic colitis model to mimic human IBD.

Main Results:

  • IFNα/β induced IL-10 production from macrophages and Th17 cells.
  • Induced IL-10 negatively regulated Th17 cell function in EAE, reducing disease severity.
  • In a colitis model, IL-10 inhibited the inflammasome/IL-1 pathway and Th17 cell pathogenicity, decreasing intestinal inflammation.
  • IL-10 from macrophages and regulatory T cells can promote a shift towards regulatory Th17 cell phenotypes.

Conclusions:

  • Interferon pathways play a crucial role in regulating immune responses through IL-10 induction.
  • The IFN-IL-10 axis offers a potential therapeutic strategy for managing autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
  • Targeting this pathway could help control Th17-driven inflammation in conditions like MS and IBD.