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Updated: Mar 19, 2026

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SHOT-RNAs: A novel class of tRNA-derived functional RNAs expressed in hormone-dependent cancers

Shozo Honda1, Yohei Kirino1

  • 1Computational Medicine Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Molecular & Cellular Oncology
|June 17, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Sex hormones influence cancer by regulating novel molecules called Sex Hormone-dependent tRNA-derived RNAs (SHOT-RNAs). These SHOT-RNAs appear to play a role in cell growth, suggesting a new pathway in cancer development.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Gene Expression

Background:

  • Sex hormones and their receptors are implicated in breast and prostate cancer development.
  • Hormone signaling pathways are crucial regulators of cellular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of sex hormone signaling in regulating novel RNA species.
  • To identify and characterize tRNA-derived RNAs influenced by sex hormones.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gene expression data related to sex hormone signaling.
  • Identification and characterization of specific tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs).
  • Functional assays to assess the impact of identified RNAs on cell proliferation.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of specific tRNA halves, termed Sex HOrmone-dependent TRNA-derived RNAs (SHOT-RNAs).
  • Demonstration that sex hormone signaling pathways regulate SHOT-RNA expression.
  • Evidence suggesting SHOT-RNAs are involved in regulating cell proliferation.

Conclusions:

  • SHOT-RNAs represent a novel class of molecules regulated by sex hormone signaling.
  • SHOT-RNAs may contribute to tumorigenesis through their involvement in cell proliferation.
  • This identifies a new tRNA-engaged pathway in cancer biology.
Keywords:
Androgen receptorSHOT-RNAangiogeninbreast cancercyclic phosphateestrogen receptorprostate cancertRNAtRNA fragmenttRNA half

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