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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

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Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
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Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding01:15

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Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
Nasointestinal Feeding
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Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

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Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
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Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

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Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus....
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
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Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Related Experiment Video

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Conditional Reprogramming of Pediatric Human Esophageal Epithelial Cells for Use in Tissue Engineering and Disease Investigation
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Esophageal replacements in children.

Olivier Reinberg1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Pully, Switzerland. olreinberg@gmail.com.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|June 17, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric esophageal replacement aims for lifelong function. Current techniques using various substitutes present challenges, highlighting the need for improved surgical solutions for children needing esophageal reconstruction.

Keywords:
caustic lesionscolonic transplantesophageal replacementesophageal stenosisesophagectomyesophagusgastric pull-upgastric tube

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric surgery
  • Gastroenterology
  • Regenerative medicine

Background:

  • Esophageal replacement in children is necessary for congenital malformations, trauma, or acquired diseases.
  • Ideal esophageal substitutes must support normal feeding, minimize reflux, and ensure lifelong function.
  • Historically, various organs (colon, stomach, small bowel) have been used, but none perfectly replicate native esophageal function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current techniques for pediatric esophageal replacement.
  • To discuss the challenges and pitfalls associated with these complex surgical procedures.
  • To share insights from over three decades of experience with more than 300 cases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of surgical techniques for esophageal replacement in pediatric patients.
  • Analysis of outcomes and complications based on institutional experience since 1989.
  • Discussion of various esophageal substitutes employed in pediatric surgery.

Main Results:

  • Over 300 pediatric esophageal replacements have been performed since 1989.
  • Various substitutes including colon, stomach, and small bowel segments have been utilized.
  • No single substitute perfectly mimics normal esophageal function, presenting ongoing surgical challenges.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric esophageal replacement remains a complex surgical undertaking.
  • Current methods, while improving function, do not fully restore normal esophageal physiology.
  • Further advancements are needed to achieve ideal, lifelong esophageal function in pediatric patients.