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Priority of discovery in the life sciences.

Ronald D Vale1, Anthony A Hyman2

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Summary

Scientists can improve how they claim priority for discoveries by separating disclosure through preprints from validation via peer review and community evaluation. This enhances scientific communication and credit attribution.

Keywords:
peer reviewpost-publication peer reviewpreprintspriorityscientific publishing

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Area of Science:

  • Scientific communication
  • Research integrity
  • Scholarly publishing

Background:

  • Establishing priority of discovery is crucial for scientific careers and the reward system.
  • Current practices in biology often combine disclosure and initial validation within journal publications.
  • Principles for establishing priority are seldom explicitly discussed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the fundamental components of establishing priority of discovery.
  • To propose a separation of disclosure and validation processes in scientific communication.
  • To discuss the benefits of using preprints for disclosure and multi-faceted approaches for validation.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of scientific discovery and communication processes.
  • Examination of current publication and validation workflows in biological sciences.
  • Proposal of a revised model integrating preprints and diverse validation mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Priority of discovery can be broken down into distinct steps: disclosure and validation.
  • Current journal publication practices merge these two essential steps.
  • Separating disclosure (via preprints) and validation (via peer review and community assessment) offers advantages.

Conclusions:

  • A revised model separating disclosure and validation can improve the attribution of scientific credit.
  • Preprints serve as an effective mechanism for rapid disclosure of scientific findings.
  • A combination of formal peer review and broader community evaluation enhances validation and scientific rigor.