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The Evolution of TMD Diagnosis: Past, Present, Future
1Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, NY, USA ohrbach@buffalo.edu.
Journal of Dental Research
|June 18, 2016
Summary
This review details the evolution of diagnosing temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), highlighting the shift towards the biopsychosocial model. Current Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC/TMD) enhance previous methods for more accurate temporomandibular disorder assessment.
Area of Science:
- Oral Medicine
- Dental Diagnostics
- Pain Research
Background:
- Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) diagnosis has significantly evolved over 25 years.
- Early diagnostic approaches focused narrowly on oral structures without strong empirical support.
- The development of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) introduced a biopsychosocial model and reliability principles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the principles and progression of temporomandibular disorder diagnosis.
- To examine the improvements in diagnostic validity and psychosocial assessment within the current Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC/TMD).
- To discuss future research directions for taxonomy revision in complex diseases.
Main Methods:
- Review of historical diagnostic criteria for TMDs.
- Analysis of the core principles and validation of the RDC/TMD.
- Examination of advancements in the DC/TMD, including psychosocial assessment protocols.
Main Results:
- TMD diagnosis has transitioned from a structure-focused approach to a biopsychosocial model.
- The DC/TMD represents an advancement over RDC/TMD, offering improved diagnostic validity and psychosocial assessment.
- Ongoing research is crucial for future revisions of TMD diagnostic criteria.
Conclusions:
- The evolution of TMD diagnosis reflects a move towards more comprehensive and evidence-based approaches.
- The DC/TMD provides a more robust framework for diagnosing temporomandibular disorders.
- Future research will further refine TMD diagnosis, particularly for complex cases.
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