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Brain Activation during Memory Encoding in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Discordant Twin Pair Study
Amanda G Wood1, Jian Chen2, Christopher Moran3
1Stroke and Ageing Research Group, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia; School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B152TT, UK.
Journal of Diabetes Research
|June 18, 2016
Summary
Type 2 diabetes is linked to preclinical brain changes affecting memory encoding. These neuronal dysfunctions in the brain occur before noticeable cognitive decline in middle-aged adults.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Endocrinology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a known risk factor for dementia.
- Neuronal dysfunction associated with T2DM may precede clinical cognitive impairment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of T2DM on brain activation during memory encoding in middle-aged individuals.
- To control for genetic and environmental factors using a twin study design.
Main Methods:
- Utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a memory encoding task.
- Recruited 22 twin pairs discordant for T2DM from the Australian Twin Registry.
- Performed cognitive tests and structural MRI.
Main Results:
- T2DM associated with reduced activation in left temporoparietal regions (angular gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus).
- Increased activation observed in bilateral posterior regions in individuals with T2DM.
- Differences in brain activation were more pronounced in monozygotic twins.
Conclusions:
- Findings suggest preclinical memory-related neuronal dysfunction in T2DM.
- Supports investigation into modifiable factors influencing T2DM and cognitive decline.
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