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Related Concept Videos

Variation of Atmospheric Pressure01:18

Variation of Atmospheric Pressure

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Change in atmospheric pressure with height is particularly interesting. The decrease in atmospheric pressure with increasing altitude is due to the decreasing gravitational force per unit area as we move away from the surface of the earth.
Assuming the air temperature is constant at a given altitude and that the ideal gas law of thermodynamics describes the atmosphere to a good approximation, one can find the variation of atmospheric pressure with height.
Let p(y) be the atmospheric pressure at...
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Definition and Measurement of Pressure: Atmospheric Pressure, Barometer, and Manometer02:57

Definition and Measurement of Pressure: Atmospheric Pressure, Barometer, and Manometer

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Gas pressure is caused by force exerted by gas molecules colliding with the surfaces of objects. Although the force of each collision is very small, any surface of an appreciable area experiences a large number of collisions in a short time, which can result in high pressure.
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Pressure Gauges01:20

Pressure Gauges

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Most pressure gauges, like those on scuba tanks, are calibrated to read zero at atmospheric pressure. Readings from such gauges are called the gauge pressure, which is the pressure relative to atmospheric pressure. When the pressure inside the tank exceeds atmospheric pressure, the gauge reports a positive value. Some gauges are designed to measure negative pressure. For example, many physics experiments must take place in a vacuum chamber, a rigid chamber from which some of the air is pumped...
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Pressure Relationships in Thoracic Cavity01:24

Pressure Relationships in Thoracic Cavity

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Breathing, otherwise known as pulmonary ventilation, is the process of air movement into and out of the lungs. The main mechanisms propelling pulmonary ventilation are atmospheric pressure (Patm), intra-pulmonary (Ppul ) or intra-alveolar pressure (Palv) within the alveoli, and intrapleural pressure (Pip) within the pleural cavity.
Breathing Mechanisms
Both intra-alveolar and intrapleural pressures rely on specific lung properties. The ability to breathe—allowing air to enter the lungs...
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Pulmonary Ventilation: Inhalation01:24

Pulmonary Ventilation: Inhalation

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Pulmonary ventilation is a vital process that ensures the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs. It refers to the movement of air into and out of the lungs, enabling the body to obtain oxygen and remove waste carbon dioxide. In this article, we will explore the intricacies of pulmonary ventilation, including its underlying principles, mechanisms, and the interplay of pressures within the respiratory system.
Boyle's law becomes particularly pertinent when examining respiratory...
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Static, Stagnation, Dynamic and Total Pressure01:24

Static, Stagnation, Dynamic and Total Pressure

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The concept of static, stagnation, dynamic, and total pressure is fundamental in fluid dynamics, often explained using Bernoulli's equation:
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Related Experiment Videos

A TAD closer to ATM.

Francois Aymard1, Gaëlle Legube1

  • 1LBCMCP, Center for Integrative Biology (CBI), Université de Toulouse, UT3, Toulouse, France; LBCMCP, Center for Integrative Biology (CBI), CNRS, Toulouse, France.

Molecular & Cellular Oncology
|June 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase is crucial for DNA repair. New findings show ATM modifies chromatin and chromosome structure to ensure accurate DNA double-strand break repair.

Keywords:
ATMDNA double-strand breakchromatinclusteringcohesintopologically associated domainsγH2AX

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is a key kinase in the DNA damage response.
  • ATM's role in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair is well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the precise mechanisms by which ATM promotes accurate DSB repair.
  • To explore ATM's influence on chromatin and chromosome organization at break sites.

Main Methods:

  • The study likely employed techniques to visualize and analyze chromatin structure and chromosome organization following DNA damage.
  • Specific molecular assays were used to assess ATM's kinase activity and its downstream effects.

Main Results:

  • ATM actively modifies the local chromatin landscape at DNA break sites.
  • ATM influences global chromosome organization to facilitate efficient and accurate repair.
  • These modifications are essential for promoting high-fidelity DSB repair.

Conclusions:

  • ATM's function extends beyond simple kinase activity, involving structural reorganization of chromatin and chromosomes.
  • ATM plays a critical role in maintaining genomic integrity by ensuring accurate DNA repair through structural modulation.