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Identification of Streptococcus suis Meningitis through Population-Based Surveillance, Togo, 2010-2014

Haoua Tall, Berthe-Marie Njanpop-Lafourcade, Didier Mounkoro

    Emerging Infectious Diseases
    |June 18, 2016
    PubMed

    Insights

    Streptococcus suis meningitis surveillance in Togo identified 15 cases, primarily linked to pig contact. Many patients experienced severe neurologic issues, highlighting the need for S. suis testing in the African meningitis belt.

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Neurology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Bacterial meningitis poses a significant public health challenge in the African meningitis belt.
    • Streptococcus suis is an emerging zoonotic pathogen with potential to cause meningitis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the burden and clinical characteristics of Streptococcus suis meningitis in northern Togo.
    • To assess the association between occupational pig contact and S. suis infection.
    • To evaluate the neurological outcomes in patients with S. suis meningitis.

    Main Methods:

    • A surveillance study was conducted from 2010 to 2014, enrolling 511 patients with suspected bacterial meningitis.
    • Laboratory testing was performed to identify causative pathogens, including Streptococcus suis.
    • Clinical data, including patient history, neurological status, and outcomes, were collected.

    Main Results:

    • Fifteen cases of Streptococcus suis infection were identified among the 511 patients.
    • Occupational contact with pigs was reported in 10 of the 15 patients with S. suis infection.
    • Twelve patients (80%) suffered from significant neurologic sequelae following S. suis meningitis.

    Conclusions:

    • Streptococcus suis is a relevant cause of meningitis in rural Togo, particularly among individuals with occupational pig exposure.
    • The high rate of neurologic sequelae underscores the severity of S. suis meningitis.
    • S. suis testing should be considered in the diagnostic workup for suspected bacterial meningitis in this region and similar settings within the African meningitis belt.
    Keywords:
    AfricaStreptococcus suisTogobacteriameningitismeningitis beltoccupational healthsurveillancezoonoses

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