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Related Experiment Video

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Programmable, Pneumatically Actuated Microfluidic Device with an Integrated Nanochannel Array To Track Development of

Joshua D Baker1, David T Kysela1, Jinsheng Zhou1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biology, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States.

Analytical Chemistry
|June 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a microfluidic device for trapping individual bacteria in nanochannels to monitor lineage growth over multiple generations. The technology enables high-resolution tracking of bacterial cell division and epigenetic states, advancing single-cell analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Studying bacterial growth and reproduction over multiple generations requires precise control and high-resolution imaging.
  • Existing methods often lack the ability to track individual cells and their lineages dynamically.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a novel microfluidic device for trapping individual bacteria.
  • To enable high-resolution, multi-generational monitoring of bacterial growth, division, and epigenetic states.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic device with a pneumatically actuated nanochannel array (600-1000 nm width).
  • Integration of on-chip pumps and valves for dynamic control of cell loading and chemostatic nutrient flow.
  • High-resolution, time-lapse imaging of bacterial lineages (Bacillus subtilis, Caulobacter crescentus) over extended periods (12-20 h).

Main Results:

  • Successfully trapped diverse bacteria in 1280 nanochannels, enabling single-cell confinement and growth monitoring.
  • Reconstructed bacterial lineages, correlating growth and division patterns across generations for both symmetric and asymmetric cell division.
  • Observed correlation of epigenetic switch states (motility) over five generations in B. subtilis.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microfluidic device provides unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution for analyzing multi-generational bacterial dynamics.
  • Facilitates detailed study of heritable traits and cellular processes across numerous bacterial generations.
  • Offers a powerful platform for advancing single-cell microbiology and understanding evolutionary dynamics.