Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation Does Not Enhance the Effects of Working Memory Training

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Cognitive Psychology
• Neuromodulation

Background:

• Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques like transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) can enhance learning.
• Working memory training aims to improve cognitive functions.
• The combination of tRNS and working memory training has not been previously investigated in a rigorous trial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the efficacy of combining tRNS with Cogmed Working Memory Training.
• To determine if tRNS enhances the magnitude and transfer of working memory training gains.
• To assess the therapeutic value of adding tRNS to working memory training.

Main Methods:

• A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted with adults.
• Participants underwent 10 sessions of Cogmed Working Memory Training.
• Active or sham tRNS was applied bilaterally to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (pFC).

Main Results:

• Working memory training led to improvements in trained tasks and related untrained tasks.
• No significant improvements were observed in working memory tasks with distinct demands or other cognitive abilities (e.g., IQ, maths).
• Transcranial random noise stimulation did not increase the magnitude or transfer of training-induced gains.

Conclusions:

• Combining tRNS with Cogmed Working Memory Training does not offer additional therapeutic benefits.
• Working memory training alone yields specific improvements, but not broad cognitive enhancement.
• Further research may explore different stimulation parameters or target areas for tRNS efficacy.